Types
Cockroach problem? If you have a cockroach infestation, it's most likely you have one of the following main species considered pests:
German Cockroach
(Blattella germanica).
This small species, light amber in colour, infests kitchens, water heaters, fridges and stoves. It is a prolific breeder and can take as little as 40 days to develop from hatchling to adulthood. It is commonly transported to new locations in food packages, and cardboard boxes. Successful treatment of this pest involves close attention to cracks and crevices.
American cockroach
(Periplaneta Americana), and Smokybrown cockroach (Periplaneta fuliginosa) and Australian Cockroach (Periplaneta australasiae). These pests are larger and originate from outdoors. They are often found in subfloors, roof areas and wall cavities. The American cockroach is fully winged, meaning it can reach many household areas. Egg cases glued to packages may help in their dispersal. While exterior treatments may be sufficient, both interior and exterior areas may need to be treated to ensure the best possible coverage.
DIY Cockroach Prevention
A high level of sanitation and hygiene is important. Putting food away at night in sealed containers, sealing cracks and crevices, fixing leaky water pipes or taps and disposing of rubbish may help to prevent cockroach infestations. Always wash up after using the kitchen and dispose of food scraps as cockroaches are omnivorous and will eat a large variety of foods. Check your fridge door seals are in working order. Do not store old newspapers and magazines as cockroaches can nest between pages.
Cockroaches are nocturnal and will hide during the day, and the homeowner can determine the extent of an infestation by doing a night inspection of the kitchen.
Life Cycle and Habitat
Cockroaches are primitive insects, which probably originated from tropical or subtropical Africa about 300 million years ago. Of the 3000 species of cockroaches world wide, only a few species have reached pest status.
Cockroaches are a medium sized insect, with flattened oval shaped bodies and legs suitable for crawling and running. Adult females can produce up to 30 egg cases and from a single purse shaped egg case (in the case of the German cockroach), 30-40 cockroaches can develop that are then capable of reproducing 2-3 months later. After 1 year, many thousands of individuals can develop. Cockroaches can go through 5-12 moults before adulthood and can change shape and colour in that time.